Leadership style in hospital management and perception from followers at the Guayaquil Institute of Neurosciences
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61708/j2e8r915Palabras clave:
liderazgo transaccional, liderazgo transformacional, Organización de colaboradores de MLQ 5xResumen
Introducción: el liderazgo ha sido estudiado desde diversas disciplinas como la sociología, la administración de empresas, la psicología y la economía y desde diferentes perspectivas analíticas como la del poder, posiciones que intentan explicarlo utilizando enfoques conductuales, situacionales e interactivos y desde estilos de liderazgo. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar el estilo de liderazgo que prevalece en los líderes del Instituto de Neurociencias de Guayaquil.
Materiales y métodos: Se utilizó la escala versión corta Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire 5x, compuesta por nueve factores de liderazgo y tres factores de resultado. El cuestionario se administró en línea a través de questionpro. Se aplicó el formato en el que los seguidores evalúan al líder. 200 empleados respondieron al cuestionario.
Resultados: Los seguidores evaluaron a sus líderes o jefes inmediatos, resultando en un predominio del estilo de liderazgo transformacional. El factor de consideración individualizada fue el peor valorado, entre los factores transaccionales y transformacionales, lo que sugiere que los líderes no prestan la debida atención a las necesidades individuales. Los factores más valorados fueron la motivación inspiradora y la influencia idealizada del comportamiento. Además, el liderazgo pasivo/evasivo
obtuvo la puntuación más baja de la organización.
Conclusiones: en la organización estudiada prevalece el estilo de liderazgo transformacional, y se recomienda realizar futuras investigaciones incorporando métodos cuantitativos y/o cualitativos como entrevistas, fichas de observación o analizando encuestas de clima o desempeño de la organización e investigando la influencia positiva de liderazgo transformacional en aspectos relacionados con el compromiso, la responsabilidad social corporativa o los riesgos psicosociales.
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